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Thermal-aware relocation of servers in green data centers

Muhammad Tayyab CHAUDHRY,T. C. LING,S. A. HUSSAIN,Xin-zhu LU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第2期   页码 119-134 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400174

摘要： Rise in inlet air temperature increases the corresponding outlet air temperature from the server. As an added effect of rise in inlet air temperature, some active servers may start exhaling intensely hot air to form a hotspot. Increase in hot air temperature and occasional hotspots are an added burden on the cooling mechanism and result in energy wastage in data centers. The increase in inlet air temperature may also result in failure of server hardware. Identifying and comparing the thermal sensitivity to inlet air temperature for various servers helps in the thermal-aware arrangement and location switching of servers to minimize the cooling energy wastage. The peak outlet temperature among the relocated servers can be lowered and even be homogenized to reduce the cooling load and chances of hotspots. Based upon mutual comparison of inlet temperature sensitivity of heterogeneous servers, this paper presents a proactive approach for thermal-aware relocation of data center servers. The experimental results show that each relocation operation has a cooling energy saving of as much as 2.1 kW·h and lowers the chances of hotspots by over 77%. Thus, the thermal-aware relocation of servers helps in the establishment of green data centers.

关键词： Servers     Green data center     Thermal-aware     Relocation    

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绿色高能效数据中心散热冷却技术研究现状及发展趋势

陈心拓 , 周黎旸 , 张程宾, 王树华 , 张亮亮, 陈建峰

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第4期   页码 94-104 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.04.010

摘要： Investigation of air management and energy performance in a data center in Finland: Case study [J].Research of data center fresh air ventilation cooling system [J].Data center handbook [M]. Hoboken : John Wiley Sons , 2014 .">11]，并添加冷却介质分配输送系统。Green Grid White Paper , 2008 , 126 : 1 ‒ 25 .">31]。A review of data center cooling technology, operating conditions and the corresponding low-grade waste

关键词： 数据中心     绿色节能     散热冷却     液体冷却    

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立足数据共享促进国家对地观测数据中心顺利建设

郭建宁,陆书宁,赵祥

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第6期   页码 70-75

摘要：

文章分析了国外对地观测数据处理中心的发展趋势，指出了我国对地观测数据管理中存在的问题与差距，提出了我国对地观测数据中心的建设方案：建立数据处理中心并提供深层次服务；建立数据共享机制，促进数据共享与服务；资源优化与整合。为了促进陆地观测数据共享与应用，必须建立国家陆地观测数据中心，建立的数据中心包括数据处理、归档、分发与服务。国家对地观测数据中心必将改善对地观测数据共享与应用，满足对地观测数据的需求。

关键词： 遥感卫星     对地观测     数据共享     数据中心    

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Multi-timescale optimization scheduling of interconnected data centers based on model predictive control

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0912-6

摘要： With the promotion of “dual carbon” strategy, data center (DC) access to high-penetration renewable energy sources (RESs) has become a trend in the industry. However, the uncertainty of RES poses challenges to the safe and stable operation of DCs and power grids. In this paper, a multi-timescale optimal scheduling model is established for interconnected data centers (IDCs) based on model predictive control (MPC), including day-ahead optimization, intraday rolling optimization, and intraday real-time correction. The day-ahead optimization stage aims at the lowest operating cost, the rolling optimization stage aims at the lowest intraday economic cost, and the real-time correction aims at the lowest power fluctuation, eliminating the impact of prediction errors through coordinated multi-timescale optimization. The simulation results show that the economic loss is reduced by 19.6%, and the power fluctuation is decreased by 15.23%.

关键词： model predictive control     interconnected data center     multi-timescale     optimized scheduling     distributed power supply     landscape uncertainty    

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determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a multi-centerintegrated analysis of microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome data

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1029-3

摘要： Microbiome subsets determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a multi-center integrated analysis of microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome data

关键词： tumor prognosis molecular     Microbiome subsets determine     center analysis microbiome     transcriptome data    

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数据中心园区能源互联网的关键技术与发展模式

王奖,张勇军,李立浧,李钦豪,苏洁莹

《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第4期   页码 65-73 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.011

摘要：

数据中心作为“新基建”的重要方向之一，其节能降耗问题一直是领域的研究重点。园区能源互联网注重清洁能源消纳，强调能源利用效率的提升，其“源–网–荷–储–充”的协调技术是提升数据中心能效的关键，探索数据中心园区能源互联网的关键技术与发展模式具有现实意义，然而目前数据中心与园区能源互联网的研究各自独立，技术之间缺乏相互结合。本文针对目前两者融合研究的领域空白，首先分析了数据中心与园区能源互联网技术的结合点，探讨其在设备规划、直流配电、余热回收、多能调度、负荷管理以及储能调度6 方面的关键技术与融合方向。在此基础上提出数据中心园区能源互联网的基本建设架构，对商业与运营模式进行论证，并展望领域未来发展的重点。最后，针对我国数据中心园区能源互联网的进一步发展提出建议，技术融合、试点实践、政策扶持及三者的有机结合是保障发展的关键。

关键词： 能源互联网，数据中心，设备规划，运行优化，商业模式    

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Dual-reaction-center catalytic process continues Fenton’s story

Chao Lu, Kanglan Deng, Chun Hu, Lai Lyu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1261-x

摘要： Abstract • Dual-reaction-center (DRC) system breaks through bottleneck of Fenton reaction. • Utilization of intrinsic electrons of pollutants is realized in DRC system. • DRC catalytic process well continues Fenton’s story. Triggered by global water quality safety issues, the research on wastewater treatment and water purification technology has been greatly developed in recent years. The Fenton technology is particularly powerful due to the rapid attack on pollutants by the generated hydroxyl radicals (•OH). However, both heterogeneous and homogeneous Fenton/Fenton-like technologies follow the classical reaction mechanism, which depends on the oxidation and reduction of the transition metal ions at single sites. So even after a century of development, this reaction still suffers from its inherent bottlenecks in practical application. In recent years, our group has been focusing on studying a novel heterogeneous Fenton catalytic process, and we developed the dual-reaction-center (DRC) system for the first time. In the DRC system, H2O2 and O2 can be efficiently reduced to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in electron-rich centers, while pollutants are captured and oxidized by the electron-deficient centers. The obtained electrons from pollutants are diverted to the electron-rich centers through bonding bridges. This process breaks through the classic Fenton mechanism, and improves the performance and efficiency of pollutant removal in a wide pH range. Here, we provide a brief overview of Fenton’s story and focus on combing the discovery and development of the DRC technology and mechanism in recent years. The construction of the DRC and its performance in the pollutant degradation and interfacial reaction process are described in detail. We look forward to bringing a new perspective to continue Fenton’s story through research and development of DRC technology.

关键词： Dual reaction centers     Fenton     Pollutant utilization     Electron transfer    

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Air bearing center cross gap of neutron stress spectrometer sample table support system

Yang LI,Yunxin WU,Hai GONG,Xiaolei FENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第11卷 第4期   页码 403-411 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0405-y

摘要：

A support system is the main load-bearing component of sample table for neutron stress spectrometer, and air bearing is an important element of a support system. The neutron stress spectrometer sample table was introduced, and the scheme for air bearing combination was selected. To study the performance of air bearing center cross gap, finite element models (FEMs) were established based on air motion and Reynolds equations, effects of air supply pressure, and gap parameters on the overturning moment and bearing capacity of air bearing center cross gap were analyzed. Results indicate that the width, depth, and height differences of the marble floor gap played important roles in the performance of the air bearing. When gap width is lesser than 1 mm and gap depth is lower than 0.4 mm, bearing capacity and overturning moment would vary rapidly with the variation of the width and depth. A gap height difference results in the bearing capacity dropping rapidly. The FEM results agree well with experimental results. Further, findings of the study could guide the design of the support system and marble floor.

关键词： neutron stress spectrometer     sample table     support system     air bearing     center cross gap     simulation     experiment    

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Design and modeling of continuum robot based on virtual-center of motion mechanism

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0739-6

摘要： Continuum robot has attracted extensive attention since its emergence. It has multi-degree of freedom and high compliance, which give it significant advantages when traveling and operating in narrow spaces. The flexural virtual-center of motion (VCM) mechanism can be machined integrally, and this way eliminates the assembly between joints. Thus, it is well suited for use as a continuum robot joint. Therefore, a design method for continuum robots based on the VCM mechanism is proposed in this study. First, a novel VCM mechanism is formed using a double leaf-type isosceles-trapezoidal flexural pivot (D-LITFP), which is composed of a series of superimposed LITFPs, to enlarge its stroke. Then, the pseudo-rigid body (PRB) model of the leaf is extended to the VCM mechanism, and the stiffness and stroke of the D-LITFP are modeled. Second, the VCM mechanism is combined to form a flexural joint suitable for the continuum robot. Finally, experiments and simulations are used to validate the accuracy and validity of the PRB model by analyzing the performance (stiffness and stroke) of the VCM mechanism. Furthermore, the motion performance of the designed continuum robot is evaluated. Results show that the maximum stroke of the VCM mechanism is approximately 14.2°, the axial compressive strength is approximately 1915 N/mm, and the repeatable positioning accuracies of the continuum robot is approximately ±1.47° (bending angle) and ±2.46° (bending direction).

关键词： VCM mechanism     continuum robot     flexural joint     pseudo-rigid body model     cable-driven    

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建筑物内火旋风中心飘移的探讨与研究

陈长坤,姚斌,范维澄

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第10期   页码 63-68

摘要：

火旋风是火灾中一种较为特殊的火行为，是火灾安全研究的一个重要内容。针对建筑物内火旋风的行为进行研究，提出了一种用于描述和表征建筑物内火旋风中心飘移的分析方法。结合此方法，应用大涡模拟技术对火旋风中心飘移现象进行了数值模拟研究，得到了火旋风中心飘移的平均角速度、温度峰值、高温中心位置等重要参数。

关键词： 火旋风     中心飘移     大涡模拟     建筑    

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基于云或区块链的物联网：比较调查和前进道路 Review

Raheel Ahmed MEMON, Jian Ping LI, Junaid AHMED, Muhammad Irshad NAZEER, Muhammad ISMAIL, Khursheed ALI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第21卷 第4期   页码 563-586 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800343

摘要： 物联网已发展十多年，技术进步使其应用更加广泛，但随着连接设备增多，引发的担忧及带来的风险也在显著增加。2013年，一种新的基于加密技术的基础设施——区块链——应运而生，通过去中心化，基于区块链的物联网有可能取代现有基于云的物联网。本文对当前物联网基础设施面临的挑战进行分类，并对采用区块链作为基础设施后物联网可能遇到的问题作文献调查，比较了两种体系结构的优缺点。简要介绍了正在进行的有关区块链的关键研究，这些研究将对克服区块链在物联网应用中遇到的挑战产生显著影响。最后，考虑到这两种体系各自面临的挑战和问题以及最新研究进展，提出一种高水平的混合方案，该方案综合利用云、边缘/雾计算和区块链，以避免这两种体系的局限性。

关键词： 物联网；云；区块链；数据中心；分类    

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Atypical manifestations of acute coronary syndrome — throat discomfort: a multi-center observational

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 651-658 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0859-0

摘要： To present the clinical characteristics and the misdiagnosis rate of acute coronary syndrome manifested primarily as throat discomfort, we conducted a multicentric and retrospective study in the cardiology and otorhinolaryngology departments. Records of patients with primary complaint of throat discomfort, absence of chest pain at onset, and an ultimate diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, as well as patients with pharyngitis (as controls) were collected from May 2015 to April 2016. The patients’ main manifestations were compared. Logistic regression results showed that chest tightness, dyspnea, perspiring, and exertional throat symptoms were significantly associated with acute coronary syndrome, with odds ratios of 8.3 (95% CI 2.2−31.5), 10.9 (95% CI 1.8−66.9), 25.4 (95% CI 3.6−179.9), and 81.2 (95% CI 13.0−506.7). A total of 25 (56.82%) out of 44 acute coronary syndrome patients, who were first admitted to the otorhinolaryngology department, were misdiagnosed, with a 12% (3/25) mortality rate. Throat discomfort can be the principal manifestation of acute coronary syndrome. Such patients exhibit high misdiagnosis and mortality rates. Exertional throat symptoms, chest tightness, perspiring, and dyspnea were important indicators of acute coronary syndrome in patients whose main complaint was throat discomfort. The awareness of this condition will result in prompt diagnosis and reduce morbidity and mortality.

关键词： acute coronary syndrome (ACS)     throat discomfort (TD)     throat pain     cardiology departments     non-cardiologic physicians    

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Clinical characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 patients with chronic hepatitis B: a multi-center

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 111-125 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0854-5

摘要： The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally. Although mixed liver impairment has been reported in COVID-19 patients, the association of liver injury caused by specific subtype especially chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with COVID-19 has not been elucidated. In this multi-center, retrospective, and observational cohort study, 109 CHB and 327 non-CHB patients with COVID-19 were propensity score matched at an approximate ratio of 3:1 on the basis of age, sex, and comorbidities. Demographic characteristics, laboratory examinations, disease severity, and clinical outcomes were compared. Furthermore, univariable and multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were used to explore the risk factors for disease severity and mortality, respectively. A higher proportion of CHB patients (30 of 109 (27.52%)) developed into severe status than non-CHB patients (17 of 327 (5.20%)). In addition to previously reported liver impairment markers, such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin, we identified several novel risk factors including elevated lactate dehydrogenase (≥245 U/L, hazard ratio (HR) = 8.639, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.528–29.523; P <0.001) and coagulation-related biomarker D-dimer (≥0.5 μg/mL, HR= 4.321, 95% CI= 1.443–12.939; P = 0.009) and decreased albumin (<35 g/L, HR= 0.131, 95% CI= 0.048–0.361; P <0.001) and albumin/globulin ratio (<1.5, HR= 0.123, 95% CI= 0.017–0.918; P = 0.041). In conclusion, COVID-19 patients with CHB were more likely to develop into severe illness and die. The risk factors that we identified may be helpful for early clinical surveillance of critical progression.

关键词： COVID-19     chronic hepatitis B     liver injury     coagulation dysfunction    

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Shanghai center project excavation induced ground surface movements and deformations

Guolin XU, Jiwen ZHANG, Huang LIU, Changqin REN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 26-43 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0439-1

摘要： Empirical data on deep urban excavations can provide designers a significant reference basis for assessing potential deformations of the deep excavations and their impact on adjacent structures. The construction of the Shanghai Center involved excavations in excess of 33-m-deep using the top-down method at a site underlain by thick deposits of marine soft clay. A retaining system was achieved by 50-m-deep diaphragm walls with six levels of struts. During construction, a comprehensive instrumentation program lasting 14 months was conducted to monitor the behaviors of this deep circular excavation. The following main items related to ground surface movements and deformations were collected: (1) walls and circumferential soils lateral movements; (2) peripheral soil deflection in layers and ground settlements; and (3) pit basal heave. The results from the field instrumentation showed that deflections of the site were strictly controlled and had no large movements that might lead to damage to the stability of the foundation pit. The field performance of another 21cylindrical excavations in top-down method were collected to compare with this case through statistical analysis. In addition, numerical analyses were conducted to compare with the observed data. The extensively monitored data are characterized and analyzed in this paper.

关键词： deep excavation     foundation pit     soft clay     top-down method     field observation     ground surface movements     ground deformations    

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oligo-metastatic prostate cancer: safety and efficacy outcomes from an open-label, dose-escalation, single-center

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 231-239 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0939-9

摘要： To evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant radiohormonal therapy for oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC), we conducted a 3 + 3 dose escalation, prospective, phase I/II, single-arm clinical trial (CHiCTR1900025743), in which long-term neoadjuvant androgen deprivation was adopted 1 month before radiotherapy, comprising intensity modulated radiotherapy to the pelvis, and stereotactic body radiation therapy to all extra-pelvic bone metastases for 4‒7 weeks, at 39.6, 45, 50.4, and 54 Gy. Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy was performed after 5‒14 weeks. The primary outcome was treatment-related toxicities and adverse events; secondary outcomes were radiological treatment response, positive surgical margin (pSM), postoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA), pathological down-grading and tumor regression grade, and survival parameters. Twelve patients were recruited from March 2019 to February 2020, aging 66.2 years in average (range, 52‒80). Median baseline PSA was 62.0 ng/mL. All underwent RARP successfully without open conversions. Ten patients recorded pathological tumor down-staging (83.3%), and 5 (41.7%) with cN1 recorded negative regional lymph nodes on final pathology. 66.7% (8/12) recorded tumor regression grading (TRG) –I and 25% (3/12) recorded TRG-II. Median follow-up was 16.5 months. Mean radiological progression-free survival (RPFS) was 21.3 months, with 2-year RPFS of 83.3%. In all, neoadjuvant radiohormonal therapy is well tolerated for oligometastatic prostate cancer.

关键词： neoadjuvant     radiotherapy     oligometastatic     prostate cancer     radical prostatectomy    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Thermal-aware relocation of servers in green data centers

Muhammad Tayyab CHAUDHRY,T. C. LING,S. A. HUSSAIN,Xin-zhu LU

期刊论文

绿色高能效数据中心散热冷却技术研究现状及发展趋势

陈心拓 , 周黎旸 , 张程宾, 王树华 , 张亮亮, 陈建峰

期刊论文

立足数据共享促进国家对地观测数据中心顺利建设

郭建宁,陆书宁,赵祥

期刊论文

Multi-timescale optimization scheduling of interconnected data centers based on model predictive control

期刊论文

determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a multi-centerintegrated analysis of microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome data

期刊论文

数据中心园区能源互联网的关键技术与发展模式

王奖,张勇军,李立浧,李钦豪,苏洁莹

期刊论文

Dual-reaction-center catalytic process continues Fenton’s story

Chao Lu, Kanglan Deng, Chun Hu, Lai Lyu

期刊论文

Air bearing center cross gap of neutron stress spectrometer sample table support system

Yang LI,Yunxin WU,Hai GONG,Xiaolei FENG

期刊论文

Design and modeling of continuum robot based on virtual-center of motion mechanism

期刊论文

建筑物内火旋风中心飘移的探讨与研究

陈长坤,姚斌,范维澄

期刊论文

基于云或区块链的物联网：比较调查和前进道路

Raheel Ahmed MEMON, Jian Ping LI, Junaid AHMED, Muhammad Irshad NAZEER, Muhammad ISMAIL, Khursheed ALI

期刊论文

Atypical manifestations of acute coronary syndrome — throat discomfort: a multi-center observational

期刊论文

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 patients with chronic hepatitis B: a multi-center

期刊论文

Shanghai center project excavation induced ground surface movements and deformations

Guolin XU, Jiwen ZHANG, Huang LIU, Changqin REN

期刊论文

oligo-metastatic prostate cancer: safety and efficacy outcomes from an open-label, dose-escalation, single-center

期刊论文